Research
Carmel Research Center, Inc. Publications
At Carmel Research Center, Inc. we have many different areas of expertise. Many of these projects are complementary. They analyze important scientific problems, goals, issues, and applications from different points of view. For example, we use several different techniques and methods of modeling and simulations. Below we highlight a few of the many project areas and techniques we employ at CRC.
Project Examples
I. Space Weather: Protecting technology, infrastructure, health, and society. We forecast the onset, duration, severity, and “all clear” for space weather impacts at various space-based and ground-based assets. These assets include satellites, airlines, and ground-based electric power grids.
II. Solar Wind: Analyzing the disturbed and quiet solar wind from the Sun to the outer edges of our heliosphere. Our comprehensive analyses of particles and fields measurements and interpretations of these results in light of theoretical expectations has led to many important results. For example, we found that events originating at the Sun gave rise to space weather throughout the heliosphere. Based on our employing three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling of events originating at the Sun and comparing these simulations with the available spacecraft data throughout the heliosphere we were able to track these events in 3D. This “benchmarking” has included comparisons with ACE, Ulysses, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, and other spacecraft data. Our 3D MHD modeling also includes the effects on interplanetary (IP) shock propagation and on solar wind parameters of pickup protons (PUPs) that originate from inflowing interstellar neutral hydrogen (H) interacting with the outflowing solar wind protons. Soon we will be adding links to some of our papers on these topics.
III. Energetic Particles
IV. Interaction of our Heliosphere and the Interstellar Medium
Publications
Intriligator, D. S., Sun, W., Miller, W. D., Dryer, M., Deehr, C., Webber, W. R., Intriligator, J. M., & Detman, T. M. (2015). Modelling the March 2012 solar events and their impacts at Voyager 1 in the vicinity of the heliopause. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 577 (2015), 012013. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/577/1/012013 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Detman, T., Gloeckler, G., Gloeckler, C., Dryer, M., Sun, W., Intriligator, J., & Deehr, C. (2012). Pickup protons: Comparisons using the three-dimensional MHD HHMS-PI model and Ulysses SWICS measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117, A06104. doi:10.1029/2011JA017424 | Click to view PDF
Detman, T. R., Intriligator, D. S., Dryer, M., Sun, W., Deehr, C. S., & Intriligator, J. (2011). The influence of pickup protons, from interstellar neutral hydrogen, on the propagation of interplanetary shocks from the Halloween 2003 solar events to ACE and Ulysses: A 3-D MHD modeling study. J. Geophys. Res., 116, A03105. doi:10.1029/2010JA015803 | Click to view PDF
Webber, W. R., & Intriligator, D. S. (2011). Voyagers 1 and 2 in a shrunken and squashed heliosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 116, A06105. doi:10.1029/2011JA016478 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Miller, W. D., Intriligator, J., & Webber, W. (2018). Voyager Evidence for Large-Scale Spatial Structure in Plasma and Particle Behavior Beyond the Termination Shock. 17th Annual International Astrophysics Conference, J. of Phys. Conf. Ser., 1100, 012013. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1100/1/012013 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Miller, W. D., Intriligator, J., Webber, W., Sun, W., Detman, T., Dryer, M., & Deehr, C. (2017). Recent Voyager Evidence for Rapid Transport of Flare-Generated Disturbances by Polar Coronal Hole Streams. 16th AIAC, J. of Phys. Conf. Ser., 900, 012010. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/900/1/012010 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Sun, W., Detman, T., Miller, W. D., Intriligator, J., Dryer, M., Webber, W., Deehr, C., & Gloeckler, C. (2016). The Sun’s Dynamic Influence on the Outer Heliosphere, the Heliosheath, and the Local Interstellar Medium. 15th AIAC, J. of Phys. Conf. Ser., 761, 012013. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/767/1/012013 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Jokipii, J. R., Horbury, T. S., Intriligator, J. M., Forsyth, R. J., Kunow, H., Wibberenz, G., & Gosling, J. T. (2001). Processes associated with particle transport in corotating interaction regions and near stream interfaces. J. Geophys. Res., 106(A6), 10625-10634. doi:10.1029/2000JA000070 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Intriligator, J., Miller, W. D., Webber, W. R., & Decker, R. B. (2010). Higher‐energy plasma ions found near the termination shock: Analyses of Voyager 2 data in the heliosheath and in the outer heliosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 115, A07107. doi:10.1029/2009JA014967 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Sun, W., Dryer, M., Fry, C. D., Deehr, C., & Intriligator, J. (2005). From the Sun to the outer heliosphere: Modeling and analyses of the interplanetary propagation of the October/November (Halloween) 2003 solar events. J. Geophys. Res., 110, A09S10. doi:10.1029/2004JA010939 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Sun, W., Dryer, M., Intriligator, J., Deehr, C., Detman, T., & Webber, W. R. (2015). Did the July 2012 solar events cause a “tsunami” throughout the heliosphere, heliosheath, and into the interstellar medium? J. Geophys. Res., 120, A021406. doi:10.1002/2015JA021406 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Wolfe, J. H. (1977). Plasma electron measurements in the outer Jovian magnetosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 4(6), 249-250. doi:10.1029/GL004i006p00249 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Rees, A., & Horbury, T. S. (2008). First analyses of planar magnetic structures associated with the Halloween 2003 events from the Earth to Voyager 1 at 93 AU. J. Geophys. Res., 113, A05102. doi:10.1029/2007JA012699 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Siscoe, G. L. (1994). Stream interfaces and energetic ions closer than expected: Analyses of Pioneers 10 and 11 observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21(12), 1117-1120. doi:10.1029/94GL01071 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Siscoe, G. L., Wibberenz, G., Kunow, H., & Gosling, J. T. (1995). Stream interfaces and energetic ions II: Ulysses test of Pioneer results. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(10), 1173-1176. doi:10.1029/95GL00951 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Siscoe, G. L. (1995). Cross‐field diffusion in corotating interaction regions. J. Geophys. Res., 100(A11), 21605-21612. doi:10.1029/95JA01916 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Siscoe, G. L., & Miller, W. D. (1996). Interstellar pickup H+ Ions at 8.3 AU: Pioneer 10 plasma and magnetic field analyses. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(16), 2181-2184. doi:10.1029/96GL02052 | Click to view PDF
Murphy, N., Smith, E. J., Wolf, J., & Intriligator, D. S. (1998). A reexamination of “interstellar ion waves” previously identified in Pioneer 10 magnetic field data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(19), 3721-3724. doi:10.1029/98GL02802 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Wolfe, J. H. (1974). Initial observations of plasma electrons from the Pioneer 10 flyby of Jupiter. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1(7), 281-284. doi:10.1029/GL001i007p00281 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (1989). Results of the first statistical study of Pioneer Venus Orbiter plasma observations in the distant Venus tail: Evidence for a hemispheric asymmetry in the pickup of ionospheric ions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 16(2), 167-170. doi:10.1029/GL016i002p00167 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (1977). Pioneer 9 and Pioneer 10 observations of the solar wind associated with the August 1972 events. J. Geophys. Res., 82(4), 603-617. doi:10.1029/JA082i004p00603 | Click to view PDF
Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Intriligator, D. S., & Strangeway, R. J. (1991). Steady‐state plasma transition in the Venus ionosheath. Geophys. Res. Lett., 18(2), 131-134. doi:10.1029/90GL02202 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Brace, L. H., Brecht, S. H., Knudsen, W. C., Scarf, F. L., Strangeway, R. J., & Taylor, H. A., Jr. (1991). Evidence for unusually high densities of plasma in the Venusian ionosheath. Geophys. Res. Lett., 18(1), 61-64. doi:10.1029/90GL02671 | Click to view PDF
Fedorov, A. O., Vaisberg, O. L., Intriligator, D. S., Sagdeev, R. Z., & Galeev, A. A. (1991). A large‐amplitude rotational wave in the Venusian ionosheath. J. Geophys. Res., 96(A1), 87-99. doi:10.1029/90JA01841 | Click to view PDF
Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Intriligator, D. S., & Strangeway, R. J. (1993). Magnetic field properties of the intermediate transition of the Venus ionosheath. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(10), 991-994. doi:10.1029/93GL00488 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Hartle, R. E., Pérez-de-Tejada, H., & Siscoe, G. L. (1993). Initial PVO evidence of electron depletion signatures downstream of Venus. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(23), 2779-2782. doi:10.1029/93GL02483 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Brace, Cloutier, P. A., Grebowsky, J. M., Hartle, R. E., Kasprzak, W. T., Knudsen, W. C., & Strangeway, R. J. (1991). Evidence for ion transport and molecular ion dominance in the Venus ionotail. J. Geophys. Res., 99(A9), 17413-17420. doi:10.1029/94JA01341 | Click to view PDF
Siscoe, G. L., & Intriligator, D. S. (1993). Three views of two giant streams: Aligned observations at 1 AU, 4.6 AU, and 5.9 AU. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(20), 2267-2270. doi:10.1029/93GL02488 | Click to view PDF
Siscoe, G. L., & Intriligator, D. S. (1994). Macroscale coherence of the heliospheric current sheet: Pioneers 10 and 11 comparisons. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21(19), 2075-2078. doi:10.1029/94GL01704 | Click to view PDF
Siscoe, G. L., & Intriligator, D. S. (1994). Correction to “Three views of two giant streams: Aligned observations at 1 AU, 4.6 AU, and 5.9 AU by G. Siscoe and D. Intriligator.” Geophys. Res. Lett., 21(25), 2861. doi:10.1029/94GL02511 | Click to view PDF
Pizzo, V. J., Intriligator, D. S., & Siscoe, G. L. (1995). Radial alignment simulation of solar wind streams observed by Pioneers 10 and 11 in 1974. J. Geophys. Res., 100(A7), 12251-12260. doi:10.1029/95JA00328 | Click to view PDF
Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Intriligator, D. S., & Strangeway, R. J. (1995). Intermediate transition in the Venus ionosheath. J. Geophys. Res., 100(A8), 14523-14535. doi:10.1029/95JA00329 | Click to view PDF
Crooker, N. U., & Intriligator, D. S. (1996). A magnetic cloud as a distended flux rope occlusion in the heliospheric current sheet. J. Geophys. Res., 101(A11), 24343-24348. doi:10.1029/96JA02129 | Click to view PDF
McKenna-Lawlor, S. M. P., Dryer, M., Fry, C. D., Smith, Z. K., Intriligator, D. S., Courtney, W. R., Deehr, C. S., Sun, W., Kecskemety, K., Kudela, K., Balaz, J., Barabash, S., Futaana, Y., Yamauchi, M., & Lundin, R. (2008). Predicting interplanetary shock arrivals at Earth, Mars, and Venus: A real-time modeling experiment following the solar flares of 5-14 December 2006. J. Geophys. Res., 113, A06101. doi:10.1029/2007JA012577 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (2007). Collaboration Between Government and Commercial Space Weather Information Providers. Space Weather, 5, S10002. doi:10.1029/2007SW000348 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (2009). Third Space Weather Summit Held for Industry and Government Agencies. Space Weather, 7, S12006. doi:10.1029/2009SW000529 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (2010). Meeting Brings Together Industry and Government Space Weather Interests. Space Weather, 8, S07005. doi:10.1029/2010SW000602 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (2011). Industry and Government Space Weather Experts Meet. Space Weather, 9, S07006. doi:10.1029/2011SW000698 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., Collard, H. R., Mihalov, J. D., Vaisberg, O. L., & Wolfe, J. H. (1979). Evidence for Earth magnetospheric tail associated phenomena at 3100 RE. Geophys. Res. Lett., 6(7), 585-588. doi:10.1029/GL006i007p00585 | Click to view PDF
Slavin, J. A., Elphic, R. C., Russell, C. T., Wolfe, J. H., & Intriligator, D. S. (1979). Position and shape of the Venus bow shock: Pioneer Venus Orbiter observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 6(11), 901-904. doi:10.1029/GL006i011p00901 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Miller, W. D. (1981). Detection of the Io plasma torus by Pioneer 10. Geophys. Res. Lett., 8(4), 409-412. doi:10.1029/GL008i004p00409 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (1982). Observations of mass addition to the shocked solar wind of the Venusian ionosheath. Geophys. Res. Lett., 9(6), 727-730. doi:10.1029/GL009i006p00727 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Scarf, F. L. (1982). Plasma turbulence in the downstream ionosheath of Venus. Geophys. Res. Lett., 9(12), 1325-1328. doi:10.1029/GL009i012p01325 | Click to view PDF
Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Intriligator, D. S., & Scarf, F. L. (1984). Plasma and electric field measurements of the PVO in the Venus ionosheath. Geophys. Res. Lett., 11(1), 31-34. doi:10.1029/GL011i001p00031 | Click to view PDF
Slavin, J. A., Smith, E. J., & Intriligator, D. S. (1984). A comparative study of distant magnetotail structure at Venus and Earth. Geophys. Res. Lett., 11(10), 1074-1077. doi:10.1029/GL011i010p01074 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (1985). New results on the Pioneer Venus Orbiter February 10‐11, 1982 events: A solar wind disturbance not a comet. Geophys. Res. Lett., 12(4), 187-190. doi:10.1029/GL012i004p00187 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (1986). Comment on the Pioneer Venus Orbiter Event of February 11, 1982: of cometary or solar origin? Geophys. Res. Lett., 13(10), 1067-1070. doi:10.1029/GL013i010p01067 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (1989). Results of the first statistical study of Pioneer Venus Orbiter plasma observations in the distant Venus tail: Evidence for a hemispheric asymmetry in the pickup of ionospheric ions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 16(2), 167-170. doi:10.1029/GL016i002p00167 | Click to view PDF
Mihalov, J. D., Wolfe, J. H., & Intriligator, D. S. (1980). Pioneer Venus plasma observations of the solar wind‐Venus interaction. J. Geophys. Res., 85(A13), 7613-7624. doi:10.1029/JA085iA13p07613 | Click to view PDF
Slavin, J. A., Elphic, R. C., Russell, C. T., Scarf, F. L., Wolfe, J. H., Mihalov, J. D., Intriligator, D. S., Brace, L. H., Taylor, H. A., Jr., & Daniell, R. E., Jr. (1980). The solar wind interaction with Venus: Pioneer Venus observations of bow shock location and structure. J. Geophys. Res., 85(A13), 7625-7641. doi:10.1029/JA085iA13p07625 | Click to view PDF
Vaisberg, O. L., Intriligator, D. S., & Smirnov, V. N. (1980). An empirical model of the Venusian outer environment 1. The shape of the dayside solar wind‐atmosphere interface. J. Geophys. Res., 85(A13), 7642-7650. doi:10.1029/JA085iA13p07642 | Click to view PDF
Smirnov, V. N., Vaisberg, O. L, & Intriligator, D. S. (1980). An empirical model of the Venusian outer environment 2. The shape and location of the bow shock. J. Geophys. Res., 85(A13), 7651-7654. doi:10.1029/JA085iA13p07651 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Miller, W. D. (1982). Plasma shocks and energetic particles in the outer solar system: Trapping and asymmetry observations from Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11. J. Geophys. Res., 87(A6), 4354-4364. doi:10.1029/JA087iA06p04354 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Steele, G. R. (1982). Observations of structuring in the downstream region of a large spherical model in a laboratory simulated solar wind plasma. J. Geophys. Res., 87(A8), 6053-6059. doi:10.1029/JA087iA08p06053 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Miller, W. D. (1982). First evidence for a Europa plasma torus. J. Geophys. Res., 87(A10), 8081-8090. doi:10.1029/JA087iA10p08081 | Click to view PDF
Dryer, M., Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Taylor, H. A., Jr., Intriligator, D. S., Mihalov, J. D., & Rompolt, B. (1982). Compression of the Venusian ionosphere on May 10, 1979, by the interplanetary shock generated by the solar eruption of May 8, 1979. J. Geophys. Res., 87(A11), 9035-9044. doi:10.1029/JA087iA11p09035 | Click to view PDF
Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Dryer, M., Intriligator, D. S., Russell, C. T., & Brace, L. H. (1983). Plasma distribution and magnetic field orientation in the Venus near wake: Solar wind control of the nightside ionopause. J. Geophys. Res., 88(A11), 9019-9025. doi:10.1029/JA088iA11p09019 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Scarf, F. L. (1984). Wave‐particle interactions in the Venus wake and tail. J. Geophys. Res., 89(A1), 47-55. doi:10.1029/JA087iA10p08081 | Click to view PDF
Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Intriligator, D. S., & Scarf, F. L. (1985). Plasma measurements of the Pioneer Venus Orbiter in the Venus ionosheath: Evidence for plasma heating near the ionopause. J. Geophys. Res., 90(A2), 1759-1764. doi:10.1029/JA090iA02p01759 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Steele, G. R. (1985). Analyses of experimental observations of electron temperatures in the near wake of a model in a laboratory‐simulated solar wind plasma. J. Geophys. Res., 90(A5), 4027-4034. doi:10.1029/JA090iA05p04027 | Click to view PDF
Slavin, J. A., Intriligator, D. S., & Smith, E. J. (1989). Pioneer Venus Orbiter magnetic field and plasma observations in the Venus magnetotail. J. Geophys. Res., 94(A3), 2383-2398. doi:10.1029/JA094iA03p02383 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S. (2013). Seventh Annual NOAA-Industry Space Weather Summit Meets. Space Weather, 11, 545-546. doi:10.1002/swe.20101 | Click to view PDF
Intriligator, D. S., & Neugebauer, M. (1975). A search for solar wind velocity changes between 0.7 and 1 AU. J. Geophys. Res., 80(10), 1332-1334. doi:10.1029/JA080i010p01332 | Click to view PDF
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This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!
This section of the website is currently under construction. Please check back soon!