Research

Carmel Research Center, Inc. Publications

At Carmel Research Center, Inc. we have many different areas of expertise. Many of these projects are complementary. They analyze important scientific problems, goals, issues, and applications from different points of view. For example, we use several different techniques and methods of modeling and simulations. Below we highlight a few of the many project areas and techniques we employ at CRC.

Project Examples

I. Space Weather: Protecting technology, infrastructure, health, and society. We forecast the onset, duration, severity, and “all clear” for space weather impacts at various space-based and ground-based assets. These assets include satellites, airlines, and ground-based electric power grids.

II. Solar Wind: Analyzing the disturbed and quiet solar wind from the Sun to the outer edges of our heliosphere. Our comprehensive analyses of particles and fields measurements and interpretations of these results in light of theoretical expectations has led to many important results. For example, we found that events originating at the Sun gave rise to space weather throughout the heliosphere. Based on our employing three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling of events originating at the Sun and comparing these simulations with the available spacecraft data throughout the heliosphere we were able to track these events in 3D. This “benchmarking” has included comparisons with ACE, Ulysses, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, and other spacecraft data. Our 3D MHD modeling also includes the effects on interplanetary (IP) shock propagation and on solar wind parameters of pickup protons (PUPs) that originate from inflowing interstellar neutral hydrogen (H) interacting with the outflowing solar wind protons. Soon we will be adding links to some of our papers on these topics.

III. Energetic Particles

IV. Interaction of our Heliosphere and the Interstellar Medium

Publications

Intriligator, D. S., Sun, W., Miller, W. D., Dryer, M., Deehr, C., Webber, W. R., Intriligator, J. M., & Detman, T. M. (2015). Modelling the March 2012 solar events and their impacts at Voyager 1 in the vicinity of the heliopause. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 577 (2015), 012013. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/577/1/012013 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Detman, T., Gloeckler, G., Gloeckler, C., Dryer, M., Sun, W., Intriligator, J., & Deehr, C. (2012). Pickup protons: Comparisons using the three-dimensional MHD HHMS-PI model and Ulysses SWICS measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117, A06104. doi:10.1029/2011JA017424 | Click to view PDF

Detman, T. R., Intriligator, D. S., Dryer, M., Sun, W., Deehr, C. S., & Intriligator, J. (2011). The influence of pickup protons, from interstellar neutral hydrogen, on the propagation of interplanetary shocks from the Halloween 2003 solar events to ACE and Ulysses: A 3-D MHD modeling study. J. Geophys. Res., 116, A03105. doi:10.1029/2010JA015803 | Click to view PDF

Webber, W. R., & Intriligator, D. S. (2011). Voyagers 1 and 2 in a shrunken and squashed heliosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 116, A06105. doi:10.1029/2011JA016478 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Miller, W. D., Intriligator, J., & Webber, W. (2018). Voyager Evidence for Large-Scale Spatial Structure in Plasma and Particle Behavior Beyond the Termination Shock. 17th Annual International Astrophysics Conference, J. of Phys. Conf. Ser., 1100, 012013. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1100/1/012013 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Miller, W. D., Intriligator, J., Webber, W., Sun, W., Detman, T., Dryer, M., & Deehr, C. (2017). Recent Voyager Evidence for Rapid Transport of Flare-Generated Disturbances by Polar Coronal Hole Streams. 16th AIAC, J. of Phys. Conf. Ser., 900, 012010. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/900/1/012010 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Sun, W., Detman, T., Miller, W. D., Intriligator, J., Dryer, M., Webber, W., Deehr, C., & Gloeckler, C. (2016). The Sun’s Dynamic Influence on the Outer Heliosphere, the Heliosheath, and the Local Interstellar Medium. 15th AIAC, J. of Phys. Conf. Ser., 761, 012013. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/767/1/012013 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Jokipii, J. R., Horbury, T. S., Intriligator, J. M., Forsyth, R. J., Kunow, H., Wibberenz, G., & Gosling, J. T. (2001). Processes associated with particle transport in corotating interaction regions and near stream interfaces. J. Geophys. Res., 106(A6), 10625-10634. doi:10.1029/2000JA000070 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Intriligator, J., Miller, W. D., Webber, W. R., & Decker, R. B. (2010). Higher‐energy plasma ions found near the termination shock: Analyses of Voyager 2 data in the heliosheath and in the outer heliosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 115, A07107. doi:10.1029/2009JA014967 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Sun, W., Dryer, M., Fry, C. D., Deehr, C., & Intriligator, J. (2005). From the Sun to the outer heliosphere: Modeling and analyses of the interplanetary propagation of the October/November (Halloween) 2003 solar events. J. Geophys. Res., 110, A09S10. doi:10.1029/2004JA010939 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Sun, W., Dryer, M., Intriligator, J., Deehr, C., Detman, T., & Webber, W. R. (2015). Did the July 2012 solar events cause a “tsunami” throughout the heliosphere, heliosheath, and into the interstellar medium? J. Geophys. Res., 120, A021406. doi:10.1002/2015JA021406 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., & Wolfe, J. H. (1977). Plasma electron measurements in the outer Jovian magnetosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 4(6), 249-250. doi:10.1029/GL004i006p00249 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Rees, A., & Horbury, T. S. (2008). First analyses of planar magnetic structures associated with the Halloween 2003 events from the Earth to Voyager 1 at 93 AU. J. Geophys. Res., 113, A05102. doi:10.1029/2007JA012699 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., & Siscoe, G. L. (1994). Stream interfaces and energetic ions closer than expected: Analyses of Pioneers 10 and 11 observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21(12), 1117-1120. doi:10.1029/94GL01071 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Siscoe, G. L., Wibberenz, G., Kunow, H., & Gosling, J. T. (1995). Stream interfaces and energetic ions II: Ulysses test of Pioneer results. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(10), 1173-1176. doi:10.1029/95GL00951 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., & Siscoe, G. L. (1995). Cross‐field diffusion in corotating interaction regions. J. Geophys. Res., 100(A11), 21605-21612. doi:10.1029/95JA01916 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Siscoe, G. L., & Miller, W. D. (1996). Interstellar pickup H⁺ Ions at 8.3 AU: Pioneer 10 plasma and magnetic field analyses. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(16), 2181-2184. doi:10.1029/96GL02052 | Click to view PDF

Murphy, N., Smith, E. J., Wolf, J., & Intriligator, D. S. (1998). A reexamination of “interstellar ion waves” previously identified in Pioneer 10 magnetic field data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(19), 3721-3724. doi:10.1029/98GL02802 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., & Wolfe, J. H. (1974). Initial observations of plasma electrons from the Pioneer 10 flyby of Jupiter. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1(7), 281-284. doi:10.1029/GL001i007p00281 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S. (1989). Results of the first statistical study of Pioneer Venus Orbiter plasma observations in the distant Venus tail: Evidence for a hemispheric asymmetry in the pickup of ionospheric ions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 16(2), 167-170. doi:10.1029/GL016i002p00167 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S. (1977). Pioneer 9 and Pioneer 10 observations of the solar wind associated with the August 1972 events. J. Geophys. Res., 82(4), 603-617. doi:10.1029/JA082i004p00603 | Click to view PDF

Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Intriligator, D. S., & Strangeway, R. J. (1991). Steady‐state plasma transition in the Venus ionosheath. Geophys. Res. Lett., 18(2), 131-134. doi:10.1029/90GL02202 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Brace, L. H., Brecht, S. H., Knudsen, W. C., Scarf, F. L., Strangeway, R. J., & Taylor, H. A., Jr. (1991). Evidence for unusually high densities of plasma in the Venusian ionosheath. Geophys. Res. Lett., 18(1), 61-64. doi:10.1029/90GL02671 | Click to view PDF

Fedorov, A. O., Vaisberg, O. L., Intriligator, D. S., Sagdeev, R. Z., & Galeev, A. A. (1991). A large‐amplitude rotational wave in the Venusian ionosheath. J. Geophys. Res., 96(A1), 87-99. doi:10.1029/90JA01841 | Click to view PDF

Pérez-de-Tejada, H., Intriligator, D. S., & Strangeway, R. J. (1993). Magnetic field properties of the intermediate transition of the Venus ionosheath. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(10), 991-994. doi:10.1029/93GL00488 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Hartle, R. E., Pérez-de-Tejada, H., & Siscoe, G. L. (1993). Initial PVO evidence of electron depletion signatures downstream of Venus. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(23), 2779-2782. doi:10.1029/93GL02483 | Click to view PDF

Intriligator, D. S., Brace, Cloutier, P. A., Grebowsky, J. M., Hartle, R. E., Kasprzak, W. T., Knudsen, W. C., & Strangeway, R. J. (1991). Evidence for ion transport and molecular ion dominance in the Venus ionotail. J. Geophys. Res., 99(A9), 17413-17420. doi:10.1029/94JA01341 | Click to view PDF

The scale-size of interplanetary turbulence